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Additionally, if a country only has limited criminalization of hate-based violence then they earned 10 points. Criminalization of Hate-Based Violence (0 to +50 Points) - Is anti-LGBTQ+, hate-based, or homophobia-inspired violence considered a hate crime in this country? Is hate-based, anti-LGBTQ+ speech considered hate speech? The existence of hate crime penalties received 50 points incitement-only punishments received 25 points.Source: Anti Discrimination Laws 2020 – ILGA Additionally, if a country only recognizes limited protections against discrimination then they earned 10 points. Legal Protections Against Anti-LGBTQ+ Discrimination (0 to +50 Points) - Are there either constitutional or broad legal protections of LGBTQ+ people in this country? Constitutional protections were awarded 50 points broad protections were awarded 25 points.Source: LGBTQ+ Worker Protections 2020 – ILGA Additionally, if a country only recognizes limited rights for LGBTQ+ worker protections then they earned 10 points. LGBTQ+ Worker Protections (0 to +50 Points) - For the people living in that country, are there legal protections against discrimination in the workplace? 50 points were awarded for both sexual orientation and gender protection 25 points were awarded for sexual orientation protection only.Source: Recognition of same-sex relationships 2020 – Human Rights Watch, we also cross-referenced with Equaldex: The Collaborative LGBTQ Rights Knowledge Base Additionally, if a country only legally recognizes foreign LGBTQ+ marriages then they earned 10 points. Civil unions and other types of partnerships received 25 points or less and were also ranked by the number of years they have been legal. Legalized Same-Sex Marriage (0 to +50 Points) - Is same-sex marriage legal and equal under the law in this country? If marriage is not equal, are civil unions legal? If not, does the country legally recognize foreign LGBTQ+ marriages? We ranked the scores for this metric based on how many years same-sex marriage has been legal in this country with the highest possible score being 50 points.Please note that the situation for LGBTQ+ people is constantly evolving in the region. However, keep in mind that (as in all instances of political unrest), the most marginalized people in society are often targets. Note on Russia/Ukraine: Russia and Ukraine were included in this study as the data collection began prior to the 2022 conflict.
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In this year’s update, we also added transgender murder rates, which weren’t included in our original 2019 study or the 2021 update. We utilized a mixed methods research design to create the index. We worked with academic researcher, Eliot Assoudeh PhD., to design the methodology and cross-reference all data. We created our LGBTQ+ travel safety index based on a total of ten ranking factors, each pertaining to the health and wellbeing of LGBTQ+ individuals. We ranked 203 countries with available data, and then carefully examined LGBTQ+ rights for each country.